* Until the seventeenth century, all of them (Mint, Poleo, Peppermint, etc.) were used in the same way, and no attempt is really made to differentiate their varieties.
* Nowadays, in the West, Peppermint is the most used.
Constituents: The leaves contain mineral substances, flavonoids (derived from apigenol and luteolol, mentoside), a bitter principle, tannin, triterpenes (ursolic and oleanolic acid), phenolic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic, rosmarinic, etc.), but its principle The main active ingredient is the essential oil rich in free and esterified menthol (saturated monocyclic terpene secondary alcohol), terpenic carbides (pinene, limonene, phelandrene), menthone (ketone corresponding to menthol) and mentofuran. Its flavonoid content, bitter principle and essential oil give it stomachic properties (stimulates the secretion of gastric juices), carminative, antispasmodic, choleretic and cholagogue. It contains a triterpene: glycyrrhizin, which is transformed into glycyrrhetic acid, increasing the secretion of gastric mucus and decreasing the secretion of pepsinogens. Glycyrrhizin, in addition to its anti-ulcer action, has sweetening, expectorant, antitussive and healing power. It contains liquiritósido and isoliquiritósido (flavonoids) with antispasmodic action. Another flavonone with antiulcer activity, superior to glycyrrhizin, has recently been found. It is 3-di- (methyl-hexunorate) -4,7-dihydroxyflavonol. It also contains: sucrose, dextrose (5- 10%), starch (30%), protein, fat, essential oil, resins, asparagine.
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